IP RATINGS

IP (Ingress Protection) ratings define how well electrical enclosures resist the intrusion of solid objects and liquids. Each rating consists of two digits — one for dust and solid protection, the other for moisture resistance. This table provides a clear guide to interpreting IP codes, helping engineers select suitable fluid handling equipment for various environments and hygiene requirements.

IP RATINGS

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First Digit – Ingress of objects (solids)		Second Digit – Ingress of water
Digit	Description	Digit	Description
0	No protection against contact or ingress.	0	No protection.
1	Objects ≥ 50 mm (e.g., back of hand).	1	Dripping water (vertically falling).
2	Objects ≥ 12.5 mm (finger).	2	Dripping water when tilted up to 15°.
3	Objects ≥ 2.5 mm (tools, thick wires).	3	Water spray up to 60° from vertical.
4	Objects ≥ 1.0 mm (most wires, screws).	4	Water splashing from any direction.
5	Dust protected (limited ingress; no harmful deposit).	5	Water jets (nozzle).
6	Dust tight (no ingress of dust).	6	Powerful water jets / heavy seas.
—	—	7	Immersion up to 1 m (typically 30 min).
—	—	8	Continuous immersion beyond 1 m (conditions per manufacturer).

Combine the two digits to form an IP code (e.g., IP65 = dust tight + protected against powerful water jets).

In fluid handling and food processing, IP ratings are essential for ensuring reliable and safe operation of electrical components such as pumps, sensors, and control panels. Equipment exposed to washdowns or humid conditions must meet appropriate IP levels to prevent damage, contamination, or electrical failure.

For example, an IP65-rated motor is dust tight and resistant to powerful water jets, making it suitable for hygienic areas. Meanwhile, IP68 equipment can operate under continuous immersion, ideal for submersible pumps or harsh outdoor installations. Choosing the right IP class extends equipment life and reduces downtime.

Correct IP classification supports both safety and efficiency. Over-specifying protection can increase cost unnecessarily, while under-specifying may lead to premature failure. Always assess cleaning procedures, installation environment, and regulatory standards when selecting electrical components for food-grade or industrial process systems.

By understanding IP ratings, engineers can ensure that all electrical equipment — from control boxes to motor enclosures — performs reliably under operating conditions. Proper enclosure protection safeguards personnel, prevents contamination, and ensures consistent performance across diverse fluid handling applications.

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